Deal Breakers John Carney interviewed Kynikos Associates Jim Chanos about Steve Romans Midas Oracle blog post.

No GravatarAnd I have just discovered it five minutes ago, by total chance.

#1. Kynikos Associates&#8217- Jim Chanos did not respond to my e-mail at the time.

#2. Nobody from Deal Breaker tipped me about this follow-up story.

#3. The Deal Breaker&#8217-s follow-up story did not mention &#8220-Midas Oracle&#8221- or &#8220-Steve Roman&#8221-.

#4. The Deal Breaker&#8217-s follow-up story did not link to the offending Midas Oracle blog post (written by Steve Roman).

#5. The Deal Breaker&#8217-s follow-up story did not link to the previous Deal Breaker blog post (which reported and commented on Steve Roman&#8217-s take).

#6. The original Deal Breaker blog post did not link (in an update) to the following Deal Breaker story (which sides with Kynikos Associates&#8217- Jim Chanos, and puts the Midas Oracle story in the consipracy theory camp).

CONCLUSION: Deal Breaker, before you teach journalistic lessons to bloggers like us, try to learn Internet conviviality.

Anyway.

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DealBreaker: Jim Chanos: The Oracle of the End Of Online Gambling

Jim Chanos of New York’s Kynikos Associates was bearish on internet gambling sights long before Senate majority leader Bill Frist “ambushed” the industry with a bill making most internet gambling illegal. Contrary to claims detailed on a website [= Midas Oracle] yesterday, it didn’t take an elaborate scheme of inside information about the Senate’s legislative schedule to tip Chanos off on the dangers to internet gambling. For Chanos, the writing was on the wall, in the online gaming companies’ prospectuses and already built into various state laws. [&#8230-] In an interview today, Chanos described to DealBreaker three reasons, in addition to possible legal risks, that underlay his view of online gambling companies. “First off, we all believed that it was a cut-throat industry with no barriers to entry. Second, there was the faddish nature of poker. Television ratings were already down. Third, there was the silliness of the whole concept of Americans sending their money to off-shore companies with very little assurance about the way these operations were run,” Chanos said. [&#8230-] (The story on the website [= Midas Oracle] also made a big deal out of Chanos’ connection to former Nevada Attorney General George Chanos, Jim’s cousin. “I have never discussed internet stocks with my cousin,” George Chanos told DealBreaker. “And I never discussed the legislation with Senator Ensign.”) This seems more than decisive to us. Chanos didn’t need a conspiracy to tell him that online gambling was in trouble. He just needed to keep his eyes and ears open. So there you have the answer we asked in yesterday&#8217-s headline, &#8220-James Chanos: Genius Shortseller or Politically Well-Connected?&#8221-

None of the three reasons to be short on internet gambling stocks, stated by Jim Chanos, was a determining factor in the 2006 internet gambling crisis. Indeed, the determining factor was the unexpected passing of the Internet Gambling Prohibition and Enforcement Act of 2006. So maybe Kynikos Associates&#8217- Jim Chanos was just&#8230- incredibly lucky.

Next: The political intelligence research shops gather information from Capitol Hill and retail it to hedge funds and other money managers.

Previous blog posts by Chris F. Masse:

  • “Annette 15”, the once-hot female poker star sponsored by BetFair Poker, does blog only twice a month on the official BetFair blog… when she blogs at all… if you call that blogging.
  • Inkling Markets bring in awards, honors, advisors, and new clients —leaving competition in the dust.
  • No need of enterprise prediction markets to boost intra-corporation communication
  • Inkling Markets is included in the 2008 list of “Cool Vendors” by Gartner.
  • BetFair-TradeFair has won its second Queen’s Award for Enterprise in its eight-year history.
  • Inkling Markets is one of the “Hot Companies To Watch In 2008”, according to Forrester.
  • Plenty of great news coming from Inkling Markets in the coming weeks

Keyword Of The Day: NETWORK EXTERNALITIES

No GravatarFinance Markets (article written by Khurram Naik):

[&#8230-] Futures exchanges are no longer simply markets, but for-profit businesses, and unlike most for-profit businesses or even most exchanges special considerations must be made. Futures contracts are not like stocks, which can be bought at one exchange and sold at another. Most futures contracts are not fungible between exchanges, and so the survival of a futures contract depends not merely on their utility but their ability to attract market share. Liquidity attracts liquidity, this is the social phenomenon known as network externalities. [*] Interest in commodity exchanges has surged as hedge funds have poured money into these markets and as China announces one of the largest investment programs in history to invest in “strategic assets” such as mining and energy resources. [&#8230-]

[&#8230-] Also, the CME has been approved to offer a credit-event futures, which taps into the enormous over-the-counter credit derivatives market that these banks make handsome profits on. CME and the CBOT both have designs for providing access to real estate derivatives, another large asset class that needs risk management. [&#8230-]

[*] Same can be said of event derivatives traded on our real-money prediction exchanges (betting exchanges) &#8212-they are, of course, a simplified sub-kind of futures exchanges.

NETWORK EXTERNALITIES: Applies to eBay, BetFair, Zopa, CME, NYSE, Economic Derivatives, InTrade-TradeSports, etc. &#8212-any exchange that doesn&#8217-t mess with its traders&#8217- transactions (via automated market makers or else).

Previous blog posts by Chris F. Masse:

  • Is that HubDub’s Nigel Eccles on the bottom left of that UK WebMission pic?
  • Collective Error = Average Individual Error – Prediction Diversity
  • When gambling meets Wall Street — Proposal for a brand-new kind of finance-based lottery
  • The definitive proof that it’s presently impossible to practice prediction market journalism with BetFair.
  • The Absence of Teams In Production of Blog Journalism
  • Publish a comment on the BetFair forum, get arrested.
  • If I had to guess, I would say about 50 percent of the “name pros” you see on television on a regular basis have a negative net worth. Frightening, I know.

Marketing the prediction markets is much more than just HOPE.

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The Quartet:

For example, suppose a policymaker seeks a forecast of the likelihood of an avian flu outbreak in 2008. [He/she] may float a security paying $1 if and only if an outbreak actually occurs in 2008, hoping to attract traders willing to speculate on the outcome.

&#8220-hoping&#8221-??

As I wrote yesterday (much to the despair of mister Bo Cowgill :) ), if nobody trades on your socially relevant prediction market, then it won&#8217-t elicit any forecast. Goal #1 is thus to satisfy the traders, not the final users of the price info &#8212-in this case, allegedly, the &#8220-policy makers&#8221- (as if only the politicians were interested in crucial information!!).

I&#8217-m all for the socially relevant prediction markets, but they are not a special category of prediction markets (and thus don&#8217-t deserve a special terminology). As with everything in business, the marketing approach is the cornerstone.

Don&#8217-t expect to hear the words &#8220-marketing&#8221- and &#8220-BetFair&#8221- (the most successful commercial prediction exchange) at the second workshop on prediction markets, in San Diego, CA, in June 2007.

Triple alas. :(

Ivory Tower, you said? :)

Bird flu (H5N1) to be confirmed in the USA ON/BEFORE 31st Mar 2007
Price for Asian Bird flu to be confirmed in the U.S at intrade.com

Avian flu will reach the EU before the US

Putting crowd wisdom to work

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by Google&#8217-s Bo Cowgill (Project Manager):

&#8212-

At Google, we&#8217-re constantly trying to find new ways to organize the world&#8217-s information, including information relevant to our business. Building on the ideas of Friedrich Hayek and the Iowa Electronic Markets, a few Googlers (Doug Banks, Patri Friedman, Ilya Kirnos, Piaw Na and me, with some help from Hal Varian), set up a [prediction] market system inside the company.

The markets were designed to forecast product launch dates, new office openings, and many other things of strategic importance to Google. So far, more than a thousand Googlers have bid on 146 events in 43 different subject areas (no payment is required to play).

We designed the market so that the price of an event should, in theory, reflect a consensus probability that the event will occur. To determine accuracy of the market, we looked at the connection between prices of events and the frequency with which they actually occurred. If prices are correct, events priced at 10 cents should occur about 10 percent of the time.

In the graph below, the X-axis indicates the price ranges for the group. The orange line represents the average price, which is how often outcomes in that group should actually happen according to market prices. The purple line is how often they did happen. Ideally these would be equal, and as you can see they&#8217-re pretty close. So our prices really do represent probabilities – very exciting!

Google - Accuracy of Prices

We also found that the market prices gave decisive, informative predictions in the sense that their predictive power increased as time passed and uncertainty was resolved. When a market first opens there may be considerable uncertainty about what will eventually happen- but as time goes on, some outcomes became more likely than others. The market prices should reflect this phenomenon, with the implied probability distributions becoming more concentrated over time.

Being geeks, we naturally used information theory to measure the entropy of our probability distributions:

Google - Decisiveness of Predictions over Time

In this graph, we have weeks before market expiration on the X-axis, and entropy (in bits) on the Y-axis. We&#8217-ve included some reference entropies to help your intuition, and you can see that in addition to accurate predictions, the distributions become steadily more informative and decisive (lower entropy) over time.

Our search engine works well because it aggregates information dispersed across the web, and our internal [prediction] markets are based on the same principle: Googlers from across the company contribute knowledge and opinions which are aggregated into a forecast by the market. Sometimes, just feeling lucky isn&#8217-t enough, and these tools can help.

&#8212-

Putting crowd wisdom to work – by Bo Cowgill – 2005-09-21 – Published originally on the Official Google Blog

CME – Hurricane futures markets 101

No GravatarSouth Florida Sun-Sentinel:

[&#8230-] After a storm begins forming off the coast of Africa, for example, a buyer can obtain a contract covering the first storm to make landfall in Florida. The risk level of the storm will be determined by a sliding scale – the CME Carvill Hurricane Index – that takes into account the size of the hurricane, maximum wind velocity and damage potential. The scale starts at zero and rises as the storm becomes larger and more powerful.

If the storm approaches any part of Florida and becomes a higher category hurricane, the index rises. Thus, a contract purchased when the index was at 2, for example, at $2,000, would be worth $10,000 when the index rises to 10. The futures owner can hold onto the contract at $10,000, or sell it for a higher price if the risk increases.

If the contract is worth $10,000 and the hurricane strikes Florida, the holder can obtain $10,000 cash within a few days. This compares to traditional insurance policies where claims may not be settled for months.

However, if a hurricane does not strike land in Florida during the 2007 season, a contract – whether it cost $2,000 or $10,000 or more – is worthless. The hurricane season runs from June 1 through Nov. 30. [&#8230-]

Previous blog posts by Chris F. Masse:

  • “I’m very concerned with the international situation and what’s happening in Tibet.”
  • How to win $100 in play money at HubDub, regardless of any political outcome
  • Problem 17: Prediction Markets — USMA D/Math Problem of the Week — Submission Deadline: April 3, 2008 at 1600
  • Midas Oracle is now powered by WordPress 2.5 —and you should be too.
  • Would be fun to have the equivalent for event derivatives.

Keith Jacks Gamble: simExchange is somewhat OK, but will remained confined in play-money land.

Keith Jacks Gamble on Brian Shiau:

Thanks for the response. Ita€™s interesting to see examples of product news stories and how your markets responded. These examples suggest that your game share prices are connected with sales. Ia€™m not surprised and Keynes wouldna€™t be either. His beauty contest view explains exactly why prices on the simExchange are connected to sales despite the fact that game shares have no intrinsic connection to sales (no dividends based on sales, nor the possibility to liquidate based on actual sales). The tradersa€™ comments you mentioned confirm that traders have picked up on this point and are buying and selling in anticipation of other tradersa€™ actions. Certainly, a lot of trading on Wall Street works the same way.

My point that game shares have no intrinsic value, unlike Wall Street shares, has two implications. First, ita€™s one reason that prices on the simExchange may deviate more from actual sales than prices on Wall Street exchanges deviate from actual value. Importantly, this statement doesna€™t say that simExchanges prices will deviate more, nor does it say that any deviation will be large. Further, your simExchange has at least one advantage for keeping prices near sales that Wall Street does not have: your market makers have infinite resources to keep prices at reasonable levels. Second, although irrelevant since the simExchange uses play money, the fact that game shares have no intrinsic value prevents the simExchange from ever working with real money.

Previous: Brian Shiau: The Sim Exchange Works Fine, Thanks.

Previous: Robin Hanson on the Sim Exchage + simExchange a Keynesian Beauty Contest &#8211- by Keith Jacks Gamble

Previous: The structure of simExchange game stocks

Previous: An invitation to join the simExchange beta + Since November 9, 2006, the Sim Exchange has attracted over 2,400 registered players. + Sim Exchange &#8211- How to earn additional money? + The Sim Exchange: Basic Trading vs. Advanced Trading + BetFair, Sim Exchange = Vertical Prediction Exchanges, First

The Giuliani manipulator buyer is back

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Judging from his hours, he&#8217-s based in the US.

We see you on the bid again, and your cosmetic offers as well. You are the whale in this market, but it&#8217-s a small pond. Be careful.

More details on this strange trading later&#8230-

Addendum:

Exhibit A: a view of trading known as &#8220-market profile&#8221- from March 1st through the 7th. Price is on the y-axis and volume is on the x-axis, instead of time. What typically develops on these charts are sideways normal-distribution-like patterns, which is unsurprising by the central limit theorem. Often, a jump to a new mean corresponds to an event. The pattern below is unheard of in liquid markets, except in risk-arb and other &#8220-peg&#8221–ish situations.

Giuliani Volume@Price 3/1/07-3/7/07

What first comes to mind is that the exchange is manufacturing volume with bogus &#8220-wash&#8221- trades, but the first time 33.3 printed (which is where half of the volume for March occurred as of yesterday), the price had been in the teens, and 33.3 marked an all-time high for the contract. This doesn&#8217-t make sense as fake volume nor some sort of internal initialization trade relating to TEN&#8217-s restructuring.

Yesterday&#8217-s trading suggests that a single buyer is pushing the market up and is currently successfully holding it at 40 while posting offers to appear as a passive market-maker. 1-2000 buy orders remained near 40 until about 10pm EST yesterday and returned this morning, EST. In these thin markets, this is quite a lot especially considering the high price level &#8212- and it is high since it&#8217-s almost a year before the first primary. Of course the recent buyer might be unrelated to whoever caused the anomaly at 33.3. To be continued..

Addendum:

After taking the weekend off, our buyer was back by 10am EDT this morning. He has to defend 33.3 which shouldn&#8217-t be too difficult considering that there are only 3 major candidates. Truth be told, 40 isn&#8217-t that high for this contract, and the price does more-or-less reflect recent polls, but this guy is awfully confident. There is a fine line between a manipulator and an overconfident trader who is too large for the market.

BoDogs Calvin Ayre Is Not In The Forbes 2007 List Of World Billionaires.

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And Forbes magazine has a streaming video posted on its website to explain why BoDog&#8217-s Calvin Ayre was listed in 2006, and why he was delisted this year. (Surprise, surprise: it has to do with the US executive government and the US Congress&#8217- crackdown on internet gambling and betting.)

– Forbes estimates that BoDog&#8217-s Calvin Ayre lost $500 million since last year. We pity him.

– BoDog&#8217-s Calvin Ayre has moved from Costa Rica to Antiga.

– BoDog&#8217-s Calvin Ayre will never come to the U.S. anymore.

Explainers on event derivatives (event futures), prediction markets (prognostic markets) and prediction exchanges (betting exchanges)

Explainers on event derivatives (event futures), prediction markets (prognostic markets) and prediction exchanges (betting exchanges) – at CFM

If you are a prediction market expert and have written and posted on the Web an explainer on prediction markets (an overview, a technical essay, or a wiki), feel free to contact me to give me its URL. I will be happy to list it there (and to plug it on Midas Oracle, maybe :) ).

Previous: Conditional and Combinatorial Betting – by Chris &#8220-Zocalo&#8221- Hibbert

External link: Implementing Hanson’s Market Maker – by David &#8220-Odd Head&#8221- Pennock

Psstt&#8230- If you actively maintain a webpage or a full website listing the prediction market resources, I&#8217-m a taker, too. :)

That is all, folks. Read the previous blog posts by Chris. F. Masse:

simExchange a Keynesian Beauty Contest

There&#8217-s an important difference between shares of ownership in real companies and these game shares. Shares of ownership in real companies have intrinsic value. Even for stocks that don&#8217-t pay dividends, shares of a real company represent ownership of the company&#8217-s assets. Thus, a stock&#8217-s price can&#8217-t fall too far below the company&#8217-s liquidation value because a smart trader could buyout the company and sell off its assets for more than the share price. Doing this makes money. I don&#8217-t think this property applies to the game shares since they don&#8217-t seem to be claims on anything but the ability to sell off the shares to someone else.

The simExchange seems like an excellent example of Keynes&#8217- beauty contest view of speculative markets. If there are naive traders who believe that shares have value based on actual game sales, then strategic traders will try to anticipate what naive traders will believe. Even though strategic traders know the shares have no intrinsic value (no dividends and no way to liquidate based on actual sales), they will trade to anticipate what naive traders will believe about sales. Thus, even though game shares have no intrinsic value (even in play money terms), as long as there is some level of belief that prices do correspond to sales, strategic traders will enforce this view.

I would be interested in a test of Shiau&#8217-s claim that &#8220-A stocka€™s price on the simExchange corresponds to the lifetime worldwide sales of a game, in which 1 DKP corresponds to 10,000 copies sold.&#8221- I could see this statement being basically correct if traders perceive that prices actually work this way and perceive that others perceive that prices actually work this way. Do the market makers try to enforce this connection? How do market makers on the exchange set their prices?

Previous: Robin Hanson on the Sim Exchage and The structure of simExchange game stocks