2008 US electoral college: What I am betting on.

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PollTrack:

I like the way they color this electoral college map &#8212-with 5 colors only (simplicity is good). It is very clear and usable, I believe. You can see 6 states in gray (&#8221-too close to call&#8221-). I am heavily betting on Barack Obama for Florida and North Carolina. There will be a good payoff, next Tuesday &#8212-maybe. :-D

Price for Alabama - Florida at intrade.com

Price for New Jersey - Rhode Island at intrade.com

Who will win Florida in the 2008 Presidential Election?

Who will win North Carolina in the 2008 Presidential Election?

Explainer On Prediction Markets

A prediction market is a market for a contract that yields payments based on the outcome of a partially uncertain future event, such as an election. A contract pays $100 only if candidate X wins the election, and $0 otherwise. When the market price of an X contract is $60, the prediction market believes that candidate X has a 60% chance of winning the election. The price of this event derivative can be interpreted as the objective probability of the future outcome (i.e., its most statistically accurate forecast). A 60% probability means that, in a series of events each with a 60% probability, then 60 times out of 100, the favored outcome will occur- and 40 times out of 100, the unfavored outcome will occur.

Each prediction exchange organizes its own set of real-money and/or play-money markets, using either a CDA or a MSR mechanism &#8212-with or without an automated market maker.

Prediction markets produce dynamic, objective probabilistic predictions on the outcomes of future events by aggregating disparate pieces of information that the traders bring when they agree on prices. These event derivative traders feed on the primary indicators (i.e., the primary sources of information), like the polls, for instance. (Garbage in, garbage out&#8230- Intelligence in, intelligence out&#8230-) Armed with these bits of information, the speculators then trade based on their anticipations, which will be either confirmed or infirmed. Hence, the prediction markets (which are more than just an information aggregation mechanism) are a meta forecasting tool.

The value of a set of prediction markets consists in the added accuracy that these prediction markets provide relative to the other forecasting mechanisms, times the value of accuracy in improved decisions, minus the cost of maintaining these prediction markets, relative to the cost of the other forecasting mechanisms. According to Robin Hanson, a highly accurate prediction market has little value if some other forecasting mechanism(s) can provide similar accuracy at a lower cost, or if very few substantial decisions are influenced by accurate forecasts on its topic.

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The Best Resources On Prediction Markets = The Best External Web Links + The Best Midas Oracle Posts

More Charts Of Prediction Markets

Enterprise Prediction Markets = The wisdom of crowds comes to the enterprise.

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Here are short excerpts of the Forrester report on enterprise prediction markets and companies that provide software for enterprise prediction markets (e.g., Consensus Point &#8211-see the full list of providers at the bottom of this post).

The Forrester executive summary:

The &#8220-wisdom of crowds&#8221- is capturing the attention of corporate strategists across the globe, and, as a result, many are now looking to prediction markets — speculative markets in which traders collectively predict future events — to generate collective intelligence. For enterprises, prediction markets bring unique value: They focus on the future, aggregate diverse information pools that can be applied to multiple decision-making domains, create streams of actionable data suitable for executive decision-making, and can often cut through corporate politics and pressures at lower cost than traditional forecasting methods. Market researchers will, however, need to have an active hand in the management of these mechanisms, ensuring strong management support, the right incentives for traders, and a focus on appropriate questions. When executed properly, the value to the enterprise is enormous- as a result, Forrester believes that prediction markets will ultimately find a permanent home in the market research toolbox.

For information on hard-copy or electronic reprints, please contact the Client Resource Center at +1 866.367.7378, +1 617.617.5730, or resourcecenter &#8211-at&#8211- forrester &#8211-dot&#8211- com. We offer quantity discounts and special pricing for academic and nonprofit institutions.

My remark about the Forester report:

– It&#8217-s a very good document.

APPENDIX #1: Prediction Markets – DRM Review

APPENDIX #2:

Here is a list of companies that provide software for prediction markets:

Inkling Markets – (MSR + AMM)

NewsFutures – (CDA + optional AMM + SR)

Consensus Point – (CDA + MSR + AMM)

Xpree – (MSR + AMM)

Zocalo – (CDA + MSR + AMM) – (open-source)

Nosco – (CDA + MSR + AMM)

QMarkets – (MSR + AMM)

Ask Markets – (MSR + AMM)

Exago Markets – (CDA + optional AMM)

Gexid – (?)

ProKons – (?)

Spigit – (?)

HSX Virtual Markets – (Virtual Specialist + AMM)

HubDub – (MSR + AMM) – (not licensed)

Yahoo!&#8217-s Prediction Exchange – (MSR + AMM + DPMM) – (not licensed)

Google&#8217-s Prediction Exchange – (CDA) – (not licensed)

MicroSoft PredictionPoint – (MSR + AMM) – (not licensed)

InTrade – (CDA + AMM for play money) – (not licensed)

TradeSports – (CDA + AMM for play money) – (not licensed)

Iowa Electronic Markets – (CDA) – (not licensed)

HedgeStreet – (CDA) – (not licensed)

TradeFair – (CDA) – (not licensed)

BetFair – (CDA) – (not licensed)

Trading Technologies International – (CDA) – (not for event derivatives)

Here&#8217-s a list of prediction market consultants:

Robin Hanson – (George Mason University, Virginia, U.S.A.)

  • Robin Hanson does prediction market consulting work, and have no exclusive arrangements.
  • &#8220-I&#8217-m more interested in helping groups that want to add lots of value to big decisions, versus groups that just want to dabble in a new fad.&#8221-

Inkling – URL: Inkling Markets – (Chicago, Illinois, U.S.A.)

  • Adam Siegel
  • Nathan Kontny

NewsFutures – (Maryland, U.S.A. &amp- Paris, France, E.U.)

  • Emile Servan-Schreiber — Post Archive at Midas Oracle
  • Maurice Balick

Consensus Point – (Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. &amp- Calgary, Alberta, Canada)

  • David Perry
  • Ken Kittlitz, who co-founded the Foresight Exchange in 1994.

Xpree – (California, U.S.A.)

  • Mat Fogarty

Chris Hibbert – (California, U.S.A.)

  • Chris Hibbert (Software architect / Zocalo project manager) — Post Archive at Midas Oracle
  • Chris Hibbert&#8217-s personal website — Chris Hibbert&#8217-s personal blog —
  • Chris Hibbert&#8217-s CommerceNet profile — (His stint there ended in mid 2006.)

Justin Wolfers – (University of Pennsylvania&#8217-s Wharton Business School, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.)

  • Justin Wolfers takes on prediction market consulting work.
  • The prediction market industry is &#8220-a case where the interaction between firm practice and academic research are reasonably close.&#8221-

Koleman Strumpf – (University of Kansas, Kansas, U.S.A.)

  • Koleman Strumpf — Post Archive at Midas Oracle
  • Koleman Strumpf can be approached to consult on prediction market projects.
  • &#8220-Prediction markets help harness the knowledge of diverse groups. They have great potential as a tool for industry.&#8221-

Nosco – (Danemark, E.U.)

  • Jesper Krogstrup
  • Oliver Bernhard Pedersen

Qmarkets – (Israel)

  • Noam Danon

Ask Markets – (Greece, E.U.)

  • George Tziralis — Post Archive at Midas Oracle

HP Services &amp- HP Labs – (U.S.A.)

  • Predicting the future &#8211-with games — Introductory article
  • Information Dynamics Lab — Internal prediction markets
  • BRAIN – (Behaviorallly Robust Aggregation of Information in Networks) — Scoring Rules (i.e., non-trading technique)
  • Bernardo A. Huberman – Bernardo Huberman – Senior Fellow &amp- Director
  • Kay-Yut Chen –
  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Hollywood Stock Exchange (HSX) &amp- HSX Research – (L.A., California, U.S.A.)

  • Prediction market consultancy firm
  • Movie business

IntelliMarket Systems – (L.A., California, U.S.A.)

  • Charles R. Plott – Charles Plott – (CalTech Inst., California, U.S.A.)

Gexid – Global Exchange for Information Derivatives – (Germany, E.U.)

  • Bernd Ankenbrand — Post Archive at Midas Oracle

ProKons – (Germany, E.U.)

  • Peter Gollowitsch

Exago Markets – (Portugal, E.U.)

  • Pedro Da Cunha

NimaniX – (Israel)

  • Elad Amir (CEO), Littal Shemer Haim (VP Business development), David Shahar (VP R&amp-D)

Michael Giberson – (Texas, U.S.A.)

  • Michael Giberson (Energy Economist – Center for Energy Commerce, Rawls College of Business, Texas Tech University) — Post archive at Midas Oracle
  • Knowledge Problem – Blog on economics, energy policy, more.

Other Consulting Firms

McKinsey – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-
  • The Promise Of Prediction Markets – by McKinsey – 2008-04-XX

Accenture – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Gartner – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Forrester – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-
  • Prediction Markets: Wisdom Of The Crowd Comes To The Enterprise. – 2008-07-14

The Boston Consulting Group – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

CapGemini – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

KPMG – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Price Waterhouse Cooper – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Ernst &amp- Young – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

Deloitte – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

IBM – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-

EDS – (U.S.A.)

  • Google Search for &#8220-prediction markets&#8221-